Archive for October 2010

Queen Nefertari's Temple, Abu Simbel

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There are two great temples at Abu Simbel (Abu Sunbul, Aboo Simbul or Abo Simble), both cut into the living rock at the command of Pharaoh Rameses II (Ramesses II - ruled 1279-1213 BC). The smaller (lower right in the first picture) temple is dedicated to Hathor / Isis and was built to honor Rameses' Queen,




Nefertari's temple at Abu Simbel is the second temple in the history of ancient Egypt that was dedicated to a queen, the first one being Nefertiti's temple, built by pharaoh Akhenaton.

This temple was situated on the west bank of the Nile River in southern Egypt, it stands about twenty feet above the surface of the water, entirely cut out of the almost perpendicular rocky side of the mountain, and in complete preservation. In front of the entrance are six erect colossal figures, three on each side, placed in narrow recesses, and looking towards the river. These statues are all of the same size, stand with one foot before the other, and are accompanied by smaller figures. They measure from the ground to the knee six feet and a half, and are four figures of Pharaoh Ramesses II and two of Queen Nefertari



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Queen Nefertari's Tomb

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Queen Nefertari's tomb was buried in QV66 in the Valley of the Queens. The decorations in her tomb are considered some of the most beautiful of the entire necropolis. The tomb was robbed in antiquity, but some items (shabtis etc) were found by Schiaparelli.
The tomb was the focus of major restoration work done by the Getty foundation. Much damage had been done to the once beautiful decorations by seeping water and salt. The tomb is now closed to the public.



The tomb of Queen Nefertari is considered the most beautiful in the Valley of the Queens, and is on the whole worthy of her position in history was discovered by Ernesto Schiaparelli in 1904 and many specialists. Due to the countless and serious problems affecting its wonderful paintings, the tomb was closed to the public in the 1950s, and until 1986, when its real restoration works began, preceded by multidisciplinary studies carried out by a group of international scientists. The decorative motifs on walls and ceilings are mythological and are concerned with life in the netherworld, meetings with gods, deities, genii and monsters

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Queen Nefertari

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Nefertari was one of the most important queens in the history of Ancient Egypt and one of the most beloved wives of Ramses II.
She also known as Nefertari Merytmut (merimut). The name Nefertari means 'Beautiful Companion' Meri-Mut means 'The Beloved of goddess Mut.


She is one of the best known Egyptian queens, next to Cleopatra, Nefertiti and Hatshepsut. Her lavishly decorated tomb, QV66, is the largest and most spectacular in the Valley of the Queens. Ramesses also constructed a temple for her at Abu Simbel next to his colossal monument here.

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Pharaoh Ramses II's Mummy

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The Ancient Egypt King Ramsses 2 died at the age of ninety-six, quite old for those day and people of his status, and was buried in the famous Valley of Kings. Ramses actual tomb was probably the largest tomb in area. After years or being looted and weathered, it remains destroyed. Great amounts of effort are in progress with the hope of returning the tomb to a somewhat presentable stage. Though the tomb remains empty, the mummy of the Pharaoh has been found.

Ramses II’s mummy is thought to be one of the best-preserved mummies ever found. In his tomb there were many jewels and a lot of gold. His favorite designed shoes were there also along with his servants. There was a horse and one of his 5-6 wives that he had.



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King Ramses II

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 Pharaoh Ramses II, who reigned for 67 years  during the 19th dynasty of the 12th century BC, was known as "Ramses the Great". He is known as one of Egypt's greatest warriors, but also as a peace-maker and for the monuments he left behind all over Egypt.

He was the first king in history to sign a peace treaty with his enemies, the Hittites, ending long years of wars and hostility. King Ramses reigned for 67 years (1292–1225 B.C.). Under him Egypt acquired unprecedented splendor. His empire extended from Syria to near the Fourth Cataract of the Nile.
 During his Reign Ramses built several impressive structures such as the Ramesseum, a temple built to himself, and two magnificent temples at Nubia, carved into the cliff side of Abu Simbel. He also completed the building of the great
hypostyle hall at Karnak, Thebes


Abu Simbul Temple

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King Ramses II's family

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Ramses II the Great had 200 wives and concubines, 96 sons and 60 daughters. Out of all the rulers of Egypt Ramses probably had one of the largest families, and chances are he probably had many more sons and daughters that he never knew about. Ramses' wives included Nefertari, Queen Istnofret, his two daughters, Binthanath and Merytamon, and the Hittite princess, Maathornefrure. Probably his favorite queen was Nefertari, who is probably the most well known due to her magnificent tomb in the Valley of Queens and her temple at Abu Simbel. 

Nefertari was Ramses first wife at the age of fifteen and provided him with his first male heir, Amunherkhepseshef. However in those days one-third of all children did not live past the age of fifteen, so obtaining a crown prince was not always easy. Twelve of Ramses oldest sons died before he did. Though Nerferati was the chief queen it was actually Isetnofret, another principal queen yet less favored then Nerferati, who produced the one that would inherit the throne, his son Merenptah.

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Pharaoh Ramses II, the son of Seti I and Queen Tuya, third king of the 19th Dynasty. One day to become known to all as Ramses the Great.
Ramses II became co-ruler beside his father when he was still very young traveling around with his father to learn his future place as pharaoh. In 1290 B.C, after his father’s death, Ramses took the throne and immediately went to work on his new position as Pharaoh.

His first act being to march 20,000 soldiers north into Syria to defend his empire against Hittite invaders. His empire stretched from South Syria to the fourth cataract of the Nile, which included what would today be known as the famous Battle of Kadesh. Unfortunately Ramses II tactics were not as well planned as he thought and he was forced to retreat.Unhindered by his loss Ramses went to work again this time building his empire up through architecture.



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Facts on pharaoh Akhenaton

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The facts on Akhenaton found in temples and shrines indicate that the pharaoh did not stop with changing his name and moving the capital. He publicly declared Aten to be the only god. His only exception to own rule appears to have been in regards to the god Re. Akhenaton then went on to claim he was the only human being who could commune with Aten. He subsequently outlawed the worship of Amon, sealed the temples that had been dedicated by other ancient Egyptian pharaohs to the worship of Aten and barred the priests. Nothing seemed to be safe from the pharaoh's destruction if it had a reference to Amon on it, including his own father's cartouches. Akhenaton's actions earned him no favor with the Egyptian people. Following his death, references to the king were demolished; much as he had demolished earlier references to Amon. Unlike most ancient Egyptian pharaohs, the people of Egypt seemed to be determined to erase the memory of the ruler who had tried to force his own brand of religion
There has been much speculation that Moses' written laws and Akhenaton's monotheism were one and the same, or at the very least inspired by the pharaoh's take on a monotheistic religion. Some people have even gone so far as to speculate that Moses was Akenaten and ruled Egypt before becoming exiled to the desert.

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King Akhenaton and His Religion

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Pharaoh Akhenaton (akenaten) established a new religion the cult of Aton, or Aten, the sun god or solar disk, sometimes referred to as solar monotheism which he believed to be a universal, omnipresent spirit and the sole creator of the universe, that was in the fifth year of his reign, the king changed his name from the royal designation Amenhotep IV "Amon Is Content" to Akhenaton "Beneficial to Aton" or Aton is satisfied. Nefertiti’s name was expanded to Neferneferuaten “Beautiful Is the Beauty of Aton”-Nefertiti. That same year king Akhenaton moved his capital to a new site some 200 miles (300 km) north of Thebes, was "Tell el Aamrna" was a virgin site on the east bank of the river Nile .

This capital named Akhetaton means "Horizon of the Aton". This city devoted to the celebration of Aton, and he ordered the obliteration of all traces of the polytheistic religion of his ancestors. He also fought bitterly against the powerful priests who attempted to maintain the worship of the state god Amon, or Amen. This religious revolution had a profound effect on Egyptian artists, who turned from the ritualistic forms to which they had been confined to a much more realistic representation of nature as evidence of the all-embracing power of the sun, Aton. A new religious literature also arose

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King Akhenaton

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Pharaoh Akhenaton was born to Amenhotep III and Queen Tiye

King Akhenaton, one of many ancient Egyptian pharaohs, is perhaps best renowned for his loyalty to one deity at a time when the rest of the world, by and large, worshipped several gods. He is certainly the only one of the ancient Egyptian pharaohs to promote a monotheistic religion. This was not to occur again until the Roman Empire took control of Egypt and Christianity was instituted as the official religion.
Ikhnaten was the last important ruler of the 18th Dynasty and notable as the first historical figure to establish a religion based on the concept of monotheism.



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Goddess Nephthys

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Nephthys is one of the Egyptian goddesses who seems to have been ignored or pushed into the background, was a sister of Isis,
Her Egyptian name Nebt-het (Neb-hut, Neb-hwt, Nebt-hut, Nebthet) means Mistress of the House
Depictions

Nephthys was depicted with the symbol of her name on top of horns. In the funerary role, Nephthys was also depicted with the head of a falcon or vulture, or as a woman with the bird's wings.

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Goddess Mut

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The goddess Mut (Maut) was the mother goddess of Thebes (Waset, in the 4th Nome of Upper Egypt). The ancient Egyptians considered the vulture to be a protecting and nurturing mother.

Depictions

Mut was depicted as a white vulture most often, she also was depicted as a woman sometimes with wings or a vulture,usually Mut goddess wearing the crowns of royalty upon her head, she was often shown wearing the double crown of Egypt or the vulture headdress of the New Kingdom queens, holding an ankh, occasionally she was depicted as a male, in part because she was Mut

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Goddess Maat

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The goddess Maat was controlling the movement of the stars and the seasonal flooding of the Nile River, Maat also had codes of tradition and customs,

she was the goddess of the physical and moral law of Egypt (a goddess of justice

Depictions

Maat deity is depicted as a woman wearing an ostrich feather on her head, a symbol of the principles she represents.
Mayet had eight children with Thoth; one of these children was the god Amon. Together with Ammut

When the dead were judged, it is was the feather of Mayet that their hearts were weighed against. If hearts of the deceased are as "light as a feather", they were granted eternal life in the Duat

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Thoth (Thuth, Tehuty, Djehuty, Tahuti, Tehuti, Zehuti, Techu, Tetu) was considered one of the earlier Egyptian gods. He was popular throughout Egypt

Depiction

Thoth is considered a lunar god and is often depicted wearing the lunar crescent on his head. There is a story told of how Thoth won a portion of Khonsu's light, and this may be the reason. As a lunar deity his totem animal is the baboon, a nocturnal animal that goes to sleep only after greeting the new day.

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God Set

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The god Set (Seth, Setekh, Sut, Sutekh, Sety) was one of the most ancient of the Egyptian gods and the focus of worship since the Predynastic Period.

Depiction
Seth was mostly depicted as a mysterious and unknown creature (a mythical animal), referred to by Egyptologists as the Set animal or Typhonic beast, known as a Typhon, with a curved snout, square ears, forked tail, and canine body, or sometimes as a human with only the head of the Set animal. It has no complete resemblance to any known creature, although it does resemble a composite of an aardvark, a donkey, a jackal.

who was originally the god of the desert, one of the two main biomes that constitutes Egypt, the other being the small fertile area either side of the Nile. Due to developments in the Egyptian language over the 3,000 years that Set was worshipped, by the Greek period.

As the god of the desert, Set god was associated with sandstorms, and desert caravans. Due to the extreme hostility of the desert environment, Set was viewed as immensely powerful, and was regarded consequently as the chief god.

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God Osiris

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Osiris was the god of resurrection, The Underworld and The Judge of the dead
Osiris god was not only a merciful judge of the dead in the afterlife, but also the underworld agency that granted all life.

Osiris god was the first child of Geb and Nut,
brother of Seth, Nephthys, and Isis who was also his wife. He was the father of Horus by Isis, the
father of Anubis by Nephthys

Depiction 

He is shown with black skin, representing dark, fertile soil, which brings forth new life, or green skin, representing green growth or sprouts

Osiris once ruled as king of Egypt, he was murdered by his evil brother Seth, and afterward came alive again in the underworld, and ruled as king. Following this pattern of death and rebirth, every dead king became Osiris when he died. Since Osiris came alive again in the underworld, his cult is tied to fertility


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The Descovery Of King Tut's Tomb

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He was around the age of 18- 19years old when he died of an infection in the leg. HE may have died of a leg infection but no one actually knows



The Mummy of King Tut was found in 1922 by Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon. Lord Carnarvon was a rich man who owned the right to dig in the Valley of the Kings where king was found. Lord Carnarvon was letting Carter dig for a king named Tut ankh amun who's name Carter had read on some stone walls. Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon searched for five years for king Tut in the valley of the kings yet they found nothing. Lord Carnarvon was giving up hope after five years, so Carter offered to pay for the workers, and Lord Carnarvon agreed to this. After four days of work under Carter's pay they found the steps leading to the entrance to the tomb. It took Lord Carnarvon two weeks to get from England to the valley of the kings. When Lord Carnarvon got to the scene they began further excavation.

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Hatshepsut's Death and Mummy

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About the death and mummy of queen Hatshepsut

After Hatshepsut's death, Tuthmose III was so jealous of her that he ordered her monuments obscured and all mention of her erased from the walls of temples and other important buildings. Since the ancient Egyptians believed that a person's spirit lived on as long as his or her name was carved into a wall, Tuthmose's decision to erase his hated aunt's name was probably because he thought that he would destroy her spirit as well.
Her body location was lost. In June of 2007, Dr. Zahi Hawass, leader of Egypt’s Supreme Council of Antiquities, announced that her mummy had been identified after a search of funerary sites linked to Hatshepsut. If this mummy is in fact the body of the great Pharoah, it would seem Hatshepsut died after an abscess in her gums ruptured after the removal of a tooth. However, Egyptologists continue to sort through the evidence.





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Hatshepsut's Reign

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Hatshepsut often dressed as a man at official ceremonies. She ruled with an iron fist. She built a grand temple to herself and tried to prevent Thutmose from acceding to power when he came of age. The dramatic events of Hatshepsut's life----along with the mystery surrounding certain key periods of her reign----make her an excellent subject for a historical fiction adventure story. With the right combination of mystery, mastery of adventure forms, and imagination, a talented writer could turn Hatsheput's life into a real thriller

She managed to rule for about twenty years, before disappearing from history... coinciding with Thuthmose III's becoming Pharaoh in his own right.
died her half brother,Thutmose II died, possibly in the year of 1479 BC, and Thutmose III became Pharaoh. With Thutmose III being a minor at this time, his aunt, Hatshepsut, stepped in as his regent. Thutmose III and Hatshepsut ruled together until 1473 BC, when she appointed herself pharaoh.

Hatshepsut worked hard to be seen as a legitimate pharaoh. She was so charismatic, and the memory of her popular parents added to her good reputation. She also had the support of a network of powerful officials whom she had either chosen herself or known since their service to her parents. In order to be accepted as the “true” pharaoh, she is legendary for taking on the costume of male pharaohs, including traditional kilt, headdress, and a fake beard in royal style. The people of Egypt seemed to accept her as their ruler. However, some officials remained close to Thutmose III and may have plotted against her.





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Hatshepsut’s Family

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Queen Hatshepsut’s Family
Hatshepsut queen was a daughter of Thuthmose I and his queen Ahmes. When her father Tuthmose I died , possibly in the year of 1479 BC, his son, Tuthmose II, became king. Tuthmose II was married to Hatshepsut. (Tuthmose I had two wives, Mountnofrit (the mother of Tuthmose II), archaeologists tell us, ruled only three or four years, dying of a skin disease. He had a son, who was Hatshepsut's nephew. This son, Tuthmose III, was very young when his father died.
Due to the young age of the Pharaoh, Hatshepsut became his regent. They ruled together for a number of years until she declared herself Pharaoh perhaps when Thuthmose III was reaching manhood.

Her child

Hatshepsut’s only child was Neferure, her daughter by Thutmose II. In her early life she was cared for by Senemut, who was her tutor, and other officials. During her mother’s reign, Princess Neferure was active in the Egyptian court and held many royal titles bestowing important religious duties. The time of Neferure’s death and her place of burial are not yet known, though research suggests it may have occurred between 11 and 16 AD. Sculptures suggest Neferure may have married Thutmose III.

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The Ancient Egyptian and thier Gods and Godesses

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The Gods and Goddess of Ancient Egypt
 
The Ancient Egyptians believed in many different gods and goddesses. Each one with their own role to play in maintaining peace and harmony across the land.
Some gods and goddesses took part in creation, some brought the flood every year, Some offered protection, and some took care of people after they died. Others were either local gods who represented towns, or minor gods who represented plants or animals

The Ancient Egyptians believed that gods and goddesses played an important role in maintaining harmony and peace throughout Egypt
It was important to recognize and worship these gods and goddesses so that life continued smoothly


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The Timple of Queen Hatshepsut

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Hatshepsut's Temple
Hatshepsut used a number of strategies to legitimate her role as Pharaoh. In Hatshepsut's temple at Deir el-Bahri, near Luxor in the Valley of Kings, the birth and coronation of the queen is described in paintings and other works of art. From this source, experts have been able to decipher that in order to make her leadership legitimate.



Hatshepsut claimed that the god Amon-Ra had visited her mother while she was pregnant with Hatshepsut, thus making her a divine child. Through her supposed divinity it would seem the queen also had some influence over the priesthood in Egypt. This was important since the priests' support further legitimated her role as Pharaoh.Queen Hatshepsut adopted several male attributes including a fake beard, male clothing, as well as having herself illustrated and treated like a man. It can be argued that this behavior was yet another instrument practiced by the queen in her pursuit for respect. However, this is truly a "chicken and the egg" problem because we do not know whether this behavior was the reason or the effect of holding a male position in society.






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God Horus

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God Horus
.The god Horus  is one of the most famous gods of ancient Egypt
.Horus is the god of the sky, the creator (whose own birth was thought due to the Ogdoad)

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The History of The Ancient Egypt

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Egypt has a history is difficult to comprehend. Its history covers over five thousand years, including the origin of civilization, the rise of the Greeks and Romans, the establishment of the Jewish, Christian and Islamic religions, the colonial era when first France and then the English ruled the country, finally, a return to independence.
Egyptian civilization had a bias towards unity, rather than towards confrontation. Ancient Egyptian contributions to knowledge in the areas of mathematics, medicine and astronomy continue to inform modern thought. Egyptian hieroglyphics underlay our alphabet. Through the Alexandria Library and such scholars as the mathematician Claudius Ptolemaeus and the Hellenistic-Jewish scholar Philo, this reputation continued. Through the Ptolemies, Hellenistic and Egyptian ideas came together and Egyptian religion, especially the cult of Isis, became popular throughout the Greco-Roman world. The Roman Emperors, after Cleopatra the last Ptolemy, claimed the ancient title and honor of the Pharaohs.
Egypt has played an important role through all of these eras, and today one can find monuments that evidence Egypt's role in most of the world's historic events, from the beginning of mankind till the present. More and more, we are learning about the history of mankind in the ancient Egypt, besides that about the prehistory, the way that man migrated and finally began to organize communities that eventually lead to the later.

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Ancient Egyptian's Religion

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About the Religion of Ancient Egypt

The religion had its roots in Egypt's prehistory, and lasted for more than 3,000 years

Ancient Egyptian religion was a complex system of beliefs and rituals which was an important part of the ancient Egyptian society. It focused on the Egyptians' interaction with many of deities who were believed to be present in, and in control of, the forces and elements of nature. The myths about these gods were meant to explain the origins and behavior of the forces they represented.
People worshiped gods by offering them prayers and sacrifices to gain their favor . Pharaohs were also sometimes viewed as gods on earth.
the pharaoh acted as the intermediary between his people and the gods, and was obligated to sustain the gods through rituals and offerings so that they could maintain order in the universe.
Therefore, the state dedicated enormous resources to the performance of these rituals and to the construction of the temples where they were carried out.

The details of religious belief changed over time as the importance of particular gods rose and declined, and their intricate relationships shifted. At various times certain gods became preeminent over the others, including the sun god Ra, the mysterious god Amun, and the mother goddess Isis. For a brief period, in the aberrant theology promulgated by the pharaoh Akhenaten, a single god, the Aten, replaced the traditional pantheon. Yet the overall system endured, even through several periods of foreign rule, until the coming of Christianity in the early centuries AD. It left behind numerous religious writings and monuments, along with significant influences on cultures both ancient and modern.

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The Story of Hatshepsut

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Queen Hatshepsut (Ma'at-ka-Ra) who lived between 1508 and 1458 BC . Although not the only female ruler of Egypt, Hatshepsut was one the few female pharaohs of Egypt. There were female pharaohs prior to her, as well as female pharaohs after her. However, Queen Hatshepsut was in many respects special. The question is, how was a woman able to establish such power during a time when societies were predominantly ruled by men? To answer this question we must take a closer look at the social climate for the "common" woman in ancient Egypt.



Hatshepsut's name lives on, as an example of the power that one woman can possess if she sets her mind to achieving it. In a time when women were thought of as second-class citizens, good only for delivering sons who would be kings, Hatshepsut was the ruler herself. Courageous, strong-willed, and dynamic, Hatshepsut has passed on her name to the list of famous women in history.

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King Tut

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He is so famous because his tomb was in almost perfect condition. His tomb had been robbed once very soon after he was put in, but everything lost was replaced as soon as possible.

Tutankhamun, or better known as King Tut. He ascended to the throne at the age of 9 but ruled for only ten years before dying at 19 around 1324 B.C.




King Tut may be seen as the golden boy of ancient Egypt today, but during his reign, Tutankhamun wasn't exactly a strapping sun god.

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Goddess Isis

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Isis is the Egyptian goddess of Magic and Giver of Life

Depictions

Goddess Isis is depicted as a woman wearing the solar disk between a pair of horns and a vulture headdress. Some times she is shown wearing the crowns of Upper and Lower Egypt sporting a pair of ram’s horns or the feather of Ma’at. Isis was also shown as a woman, not a goddess, with a simple ordinary headdress and with a uraeus on her forehead.

Isis goddess was the sister of Osiris (who was also her husband), Nephthys and Seth, the daughter of Nut and Geb and the mother of Horus the Child
she is referred to as "The Mother of All Goddesses"
Although Isis was called the Mother of Life, she was also known as a death goddess or a
funerary goddess.
Her awesome powers, which included the resurrection of her husband, were recognized in the titles of "The Giver of Life" and "Goddess of Magic". She is known both as a creator and a destroyer.



The Love of Isis and Osiris

Isis and her brother Osiris, were recognized as husband and wife. Isis loved Osiris, but their brother Set (or Seth) was jealous of Osiris, and planned to kill him. Set tricked Osiris and murdered him, and Isis was highly distraught. She found Osiris' body within a great tree, which was used by the Pharaoh in his palace. She brought Osiris back to life, and the two of them conceived Horus.

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God Horus

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The god Horus is one of the most famous gods of ancient Egypt.
Horus is the god of the sky, the creator (whose own birth was thought due to the Ogdoad).



Depiction

Horus may have been known in many forms, but he was always depicted as a falcon, or as a falcon-headed man
In almost all variations, Horus was known as the patron saint of the existing pharaoh. In fact, the pharaoh was often referred to as the 'Living Horus'.
Horus is the son of Osiris and Isis. Osiris was slain by his adversary and brother, Seth, prior to the birth of Horus. Later he was believed to have avenged the death of his father. The war that ensued as a result of Horus' attempts to avenge his father lasted for eighty years, with mutual casualties occurring between the two ancient Egyptian gods. In one scenario, Seth even tore an eye from Horus. It is believed that this incident led to Horus' association with his one eyed symbol.
Unlike most Egyptian gods and goddesses who were worshipped at specific cult centers in Egypt, Horus seems to have enjoyed immense popularity throughout the Egyptian nation.

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God Nun

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 The god Nun is mostly associated with the forces of chaos
Nun who suggested that Re should send out his 'eye' to destroy mankind and end the world. However, unlike the water serpent Apep (who was the enemy of Ra and a purely destructive force) Nun had a positive aspect. Nun protected Shu and Tefnut from the forces of chaos, as represented by demonic snakes. According to one myth it was Nun who told Nut to transform herself into a solar cow and carry Ra across the sky because he had become old and weary.

Depiction

Nun was depicted as a frog or a frog-headed man; but could also be depicted as a bearded man with blue or green body (reflecting his link with the river Nile and fertility)
Occasionally he appears as a hermaphrodite with pronounced breasts.). In the latter form he can look fairly similar to Hapi, the god of the Nile, and often appears either standing on a solar boat or rising from the waters holding a palm frond (a symbol of long life).


Following the creation, Nun played a role in the destruction of mankind when humans no longer respected and obeyed Re in his old age.

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God Bes

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The God Bes god was a foreign god, an import from the land of Nubia
Bes was the god of music and dance, the god of war and slaughter, and a destroying force of nature. He considered as a protector of children..
He was a popular god who was adopted by the middle classes

Depictions

Bes was usually depicted as a dwarf with a large head. He is bearded with his tongue sticking out. He has a flat nose, bushy eyebrows and hair, large projecting ears. Around his body, he wears the skin of an animal and its tail hangs down behind him and touches the ground. He wears on his head a tiara of feathers, suggesting an African origin. Sometimes he is shown in profile, but he is usually seen full face (highly unusual in Egyptian artistic conventions). As a god of music he is sometimes shown playing a harp. As a warrior he wears a short military tunic and holds a shield and a short sword.


Though there are no temples to Bes, and no formal ritual, shrines to him were found in many homes, especially those with children or pregnant women

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